Hawking: see Erec and Enide

Required Texts:
Online:
Ovid, The Art of Love
http://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Artoflovehome.htm
Marie de France. Lais. http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jshoaf/Marie/


Texts: (available at Shakespeare and in the bookstore):
Longus, Daphnis and Chloe, Oxford.
Chretien de Troyes. Arthurian Romances. Ed. Owen Tuttle, Penguin..
Gottfried von Strassburg. Tristan. Trans. Hatto. Penguin.
Dante, Inferno, Canto V (handout)
Emily Bronte. Wuthering Heights. Bedford/St. Martins; Norton..
Dashiell Hammett. The Maltese Falcon. Vintage, 1992.
Jose Saramago. Baltasar and Blimunda. Harcourt.1982.

Course Requirements:
1. Students are expected to have read all the material due at each class meeting.
2. There will be frequent quizzes, reader response papers, and one-page textual analyses.
3. There will be two 3-page papers (worth 10%, 15% respectively) and a 5-7 page final research paper (20%).
4. You may hand in one paper late (but no more than one week late). Otherwise, no late papers will be accepted.
5. There wil be a midterm (15%) and a final exam (15%).
6. Students are allowed three absences. Two latenesses = one absence.
7. Failure to complete all assignments on time and/or excessive absence will result in a lowered grade for the course.

Grades will be computed as follows:

10% participation and quizzes
15% one-page response papers
10 % 1st 3-page paper
15% 2nd 3-page paper
15 % midterm
15% final exam
20% final paper

Background reading: For information about various editions of Ovid's Metamorphoses, see http://www.uwm.edu/Library/special/exhibits/clastext/clspg049.htm

For information about Arthur, the myths of the Knights of the Round Table, courtly love in the Middle Ages, see the following link:

http://cla.calpoly.edu/~dschwart/engl513/courtly/courtly.htm

Week 1: For Monday, Feb. 7

Read: Daphnis and Chloe, Books 1 and 2, p. 3-44.

http://www.uvm.edu/~classics/slides/a61.jpeg

     Chagall 
For more of Chagall's illustrations of Daphnis and Chloe, see http://www.weinstein.com/chagall/images.html#DandChloe
Read Wordsworth's Ode: Intimations of Immortality http://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html
And listen to Canned Heat's http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hf0Dm-OaTNk

For Wed. Feb. 9: Read Daphnis and Chloe, Books 3 and 4. Response paper 1: One page. Choose one of the following topics: Young love and old love; city vs. country; this love story as a reflection of the values of society?; role of the gods in the romance; theme of the apple; symmetry..
Panflute: http://www.panflutejedi.com/syrinximage.html
Listen to these excerpts from Ravel's Daphnis and Chloe, Suite 2:
sunrise
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrOJcEHXYWM&feature=related

flute solo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HdpAoI8Ciw&NR=1

Dionysian theme:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HC5z1cvkdds&NR=1

For Mon., Feb. 14: Valentine's Day
Background: Romance in the Middle Ages: http://cla.calpoly.edu/~dschwart/engl513/courtly/images.htm
Read Ovid, The Art of Love http://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Artoflovehome.htm
Book I, Parts 1-3, 9-11, 16, 16; Book III, Parts 1-3, 7, 9, 12-14, 18 This link has been fixed to include Book III
see Dali illustrations: http://www.dalionline.com/artoflove.html
Study Guide http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/love-in-the-arts/ovid.html

Medieval bedroom

For Wed., Feb. 16
Read Capellanus, The Art of Courtly Love
online at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/capellanus.html
Read Europe in 1050 (handout)
Look at the images of gothic cathedrals: Links to gothic cathedrals

Links to more information about knights

Wed., Feb 23:
Read Erec and Enide Part I (in Arthurian Legends, through line 3516, p. 47)

Study Guide: Erec and Enide
Be prepared to discuss the following motifs:
Enide's dress
Enide's silence
Enide and Erec riding togethe

1. What inspires the knight?
2. What is the role of the dwarf?
3. What is the hunt for the white stag? How does it influence the action of the romance?
4. Describe, based on the text, life at court. Be sure to support your descriptions with specific references to the text (page numbers)
a. the population
b. mobility of the court.
c. entertainment.
d. hierarchy
5. What was the proper behavior towards the vanquished?
6. What other legendary figures are referred to in Erec and Enide?
7. What is the image of family love? marital love?
8. What were the obligaitons of a knight?
9. What were the duties of the king?
10. What is the relationship between the lord and his knights?
11. What rewards could a lord offer?

Part II: For Mon., Feb 28

12. Discuss the role of magic in this romance.
13. What can you infer from the descriptions of food and feasts?
14. What can you infer about court life from the descriptions of clothing?
15. What can you infer about the relations between the court and other lands? Why?
16. When does the author ask the audience to suspend their disbelief?
17. In what ways does love for Enide inspire Erec?
18. Give examples of Enide's courtesy; of Erec's.
19. What role does the Church play in the life of the court?

For Monday, Feb. 28; Response paper #2---typed, double-spaced, 12-point font, standard margins: Choose one of the following topics: Be sure to support your statements with quotes and with specific references to the text
1. Write a one-page character analysis of either Erec or Enide
2. Respond to the feminist criticism that considers the message of this romance to be that "The only proper role for woman according to
this romance is silent submission" (Lynn Tarte Ramey, Representations of Women in Chretien's Erec and Enide").
3. What do the festive ceremonies reveal about the court society?

For animal symbolism, check the following link:http://bestiary.ca/index.html

Lunete gives Yvain the ring

For Wed., Mar. 2:: Read Yvain, through line 3999.Be prepared to discuss Study Guide questions 1-5.
For Mon., Mar. 7: :Finish Yvain. Be prepared to discuss all Study Guide questions.

Study Guide for Yvain:
Motifs: magic; loyalty;
1.What two forces motivate Yvain?
2. How does Chretien describe Love?
3. Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the female characters.
4. Describe Lunete. What is her most positive characteristic?
5. How does Lunete persuade her mistress to accept Yvain?
6. Discuss the magical elements of the Yvain romance.

Paper 1 (10% of final grade): 2-3 pages; DUE Wednesday, March 9
1. Compare Erec and Yvain as models of knighthood.
2. In what ways does the Lion serve as a counterpart toYvain?
3. Negative and positive images of women in Yvain.
4. Apply Ovid's Art of Love to either Erec and Enide or Yvain.
5. Discuss the theme of disguise in Yvain.

Churl

Wed., Mar 9: Marie de France
Bisclavret and Yonec (online)http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jshoaf/Marie/

manuscript from Yonec

Study Guide:

1. Contrast the wife's rejection of her husband for his beastliness with the king's admiration of the same creature for his humanity.
2. Can you compare the insatiably curious wife with any Biblical figure?
3. Why is tearing off the wife's nose considered a particularly terrible punishment?
4. What lessons might this tale convey to its female readers?

Yonec
1. What reflections of Ovid can you note in the lady's curses?
2. What possible role is attributed to literature in this lai?
3. Why does the lady make the hawk-like knight say that he believes in God?
4. What does this story say about how beauty is maintained in women?
5. According to the lover, what has betrayed their secret?
6. How does religion function in this lay? How does it relate to love?

Discussion topics:
1. Contrast the themes and structures of Bisclavret and Yonec.
2. In what way does a central symbol unify both lais?

For Monday, March 14:
1. Go to the website and read Lanval and Chevrefoil
http://www.english.ufl.edu/exemplaria/intro.html

You might want to start reading Tristan. We will begin discussing the text on Monday, Mar.
Read Chapters 1, 6, 8-29, 30, 34-40.

Study Guide for Marie de France

Lanval
1. What is the treatment of love in Lanval?
2. Does this lai represent conventional, Church-sanctioned morality? If not, what values does it represent.
3. What is the one dish” that Lanval has in abundance?
4. How are Guenevere and Arthur portrayed?
5. What are their shortcomings?
6. Who or what is Lanval's sweetheart?
7. Are you surprised by the ending? Is it justified?
8. What are the implications for the target audience? Is there a more serious message here?

Chevrefoil
1. Note the references to writing.
2. What is the attitude towards adultery?
3. With whom does Marie appear to feel sympathy?
4. What attitude seems to be expected of the audience?
5. Explain the symbolism of the hazel and the honeysuckle.

March 16, 21, 23:

Tristan and Isolde

For Wed, March 16: READ CHAPTERS 1-5.

Study Guide: Tristan and Isolde
Images: http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/trismenu.htm#images

Identify the following locations:
Brittany (Bretagne):

Cornwall:
Tintagel:
Parmenie:

How did the people in England become interested in Breton tales?

Identify the following characters and their significance to the plot:

Rivalin:
Morgan:
King Mark of Cornwall:
Blancheflor:
Rual li Foitenant:
Tristan:
Curvenal:
Morold:
King Gurman of Ireland:
Queen Isolde:
Isolde:
Trantris:
Brangane:
The Steward:

Images of the nature of love:
Explain how these images describe the love of Tristan and Isolde. Do they relate to any of Chretien’s romances?
Bird and the lime-twig (p. 52-54; 196):
Bridled vs. unbridles (tamed vs. untames fancy):
Ardent:
Love as a tyrant (54):
Isolde as a siren (148):
Anchorless ship and an lodestone (148):
Love the Ensnarer (52-3; 198; 202):
Love the Dyer (198):
Antithesis (love as a pleasing illness) (195-204):

Themes:

1. The theme of Tristan's education and the evolution of his skills. Discuss three instances of Tristan's talents as a means of advancing the plot. Does Tristan possess skills that are different from the other romance heroes we have discussed?

2. How is Isolde's beauty described in the test? What recurring images appear? (look at 185-186).

3. Think about the differences between the love between Tristan and Isolde and the other love relationships we have read about this semester. How is Gottfried's view of love different from Chretien's?

4. Compare the portrait of Isolde to the portrait of women in Chretien.

Tristan and Isolde Drink the Potion

Midterm: Monday, March 28

Topics: Daphnis and Chloe, Ovid, Capellanus, Chretien de Troyes, Marie de France, Tristan and Isolde.
Format: Part I: identifications; Part II: quotations; Part III: paragraph answers (character and theme)

MondayApril 4: Wuthering Heights
Read through Chapter XII, p.98.

In class discussion - Wuthering Heights Study Guide
1. What is Nelly's relationship to Catherine? Is she an ally or an enemy?
Look carefully at the scene in which Catherine confides her plan to marry Edgar.
2. Identify all the love relationships in the novel. What motivates each relationship or what attracts one person to another?
3. List all the crucial events that Nelly influences. What are Nelly's motives?

ForWed, April 6::Read through Chapter 18 (p. 171)
4. Examine Catherine's first and second illnesses (Chapters 11-12; Chapter 14).
When she becomes dangerously ill, what time in her life does her mind turn to?
5. Chapter 15: Heathcliff and Catherine's last meeting.
6. What is Heathcliff's reaction to Catherine's death?
7. What type of child is Linton? How much of his father does he have?
8. . Why is Cathy vulnerable to Linton's appeals?

For Monday, April 11: Read Chap 18-28 (p. 246)

One-page summary of one of the critical essays from the Bedford/St. Martins edition:

Philip K. Wion, The Absent Mother in Wuthering Heights
Terry Eagleton, Myths of Power: A Marxist Study of Wuthering Heights
Nancy Armstrong, Imperialist Nostalgia and Wuthering Heights
Lyn Pykett, Changing the Names: The Two Catherines
Susan Meyer, From "Your Father Was Emperor of China, and Your Mother an Indian Queen": Reverse Imperialism in Wuthering Heights.
IF YOU HAVE THE NORTON EDITION, YOU CAN CHOOSE ONE OF THE CRITICAL ESSAYS IN THAT EDITION.

Be prepared to discuss the following questions for Wednesday::
7. Why does Cathy marry Linton? What interest does Heathcliff have in this union?
8. Look at Chapters 33-34. What change has come over Heathcliff? How can you account for that change?
9. What do you think is the purpose of having two narrators--- Lockwood and Nelly----in the structure of the narrative?
10. How do WH and Thrushcross Grange differ as physical places? Are there any similarities between them? What do these similarities and differences suggest about the symbolism attached to them in the novel?
11. Discuss the parallels between the first and second generation characters at Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, the Earnshaw-Linton-Heathcliff characters.

For Wednesday, April 13: finish Wuthering Heights

12. Identify the following quotes. What do they reveal about the characters?
a. "He shall never know how I love him: and that, not because he's handsome, but because he's more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same."
b. "Mr Heathcliff forms a singular contrast to his abode and style of living. He is a dark-skinned gypsy in aspect, in dress and manners a gentleman"
c. "Terror made me cruel; and, finding it useless to attempt shaking the creature off, I pulled its wrist on the broken pane, and rubbed it to and fro till the blood ran down and soaked the bedclothes."
d. "He's but a boy---but he scowls so plainly in his face; would it not be a kindness to the country to hang him at once, before he shows his nature in acts as well as teatures?"
e. "I've dreamt in my life dreams that have stayed with me ever after, and changed my ideas; they've gone through and through me, like wine through water, and altered the colour of my mind."
f. "I have no pity! I have no pity! The more the worms writhe, the more I yearn to crush their entrails! It's a moral teething; and I grind with greater energy, in proportion to the increse of pain"
g. "She has no lover or liker among us---and she does not deserve one. She';ll snap at the master himself, and as good as dares him to thrash her; and the more hurt she gets, the more venomous she grows."
h. "I have lost the faculty of enjoying their destruction, and I am too idle to destroy for nothing.

13. This is an excerpt from a review of Wuthering Heights which appeared in Douglas Jerrold's Weekly Newspaper, dated January 14, 1848:
In Wuthering Heights the reader is shocked, disgusted, almost sickened by details of cruelty, inhumanity, and the most diabolical hate and vengeance, and anon comes passages of powerful testimony to the supreme power of love---even over demons in the human form. The women in the book are of a strange fiendish-angelic nature, tantalizing, and terrible, and the men are indescribable out of the book itself."
Do you agree or disagree (or both) with the reviewer's analysis? Why?

14. Some critics consider Catherine a female version of the romantic quest figure, searching to overcome a divided soul. Do you consider Catherine a divided soul, conflicted within herself? What are Catherine's divisions and conflicts? What destructive choices does Catherine make? What constructive choices?

15. How does Bronte try to unify the three generations represented in Wuthering Heights? How does the love relationship of Cathy and Hareton mirror the relationship between Catherine and Heathcliff? How does the daughter resemble the mother? How are Hareton and Heathcliff alike? And how is the younger generation different from their ancestors?

16. Is Nelly a better friend to Heathcliff or to Catherine?

DUE Wed., Apr. 27
Paper #2 (15% of final grade): 2-3 page paper on Wuthering Heights. Choose one of the following topics, or e-mail me if you have another idea you'd like to write about. Be sure to use quotes and specific references from the text to support your ideas.
1. Discuss the significance of dreams in Wuthering Heights. What do they reveal about characters? Can you find this dream motif in other romances we read this semester. How do dreams particularly fit the genre of romance?
2. Discuss the natural images in Wuthering Heights. How can nature be considered as the mirror of man's soul? How does this depiction fit the romance genre?
3. The theme of the supernatural in either Wuthering Heights. In what way is this theme romantic?
4. The role of books, or learning, in Wuthering Heights.

April 17-April 26: SPRING BREAK
Extra credit: The Cloisters
Examine the different representations of lions: on frescoes, on sarcophagi, on tapestries. Discuss how the lion is depicted, and how the physical portrayal of the lion matches or differs from the lions you've read about in medieval romances this semester. 2-3 pages. Due Friday, May 13

Wed., Apr. 27- Monday, May 2: Maltese Falcon

4/27: Read Maltese Falcon (available at Shakespeare)

Monday, 5/2: Finish Maltese Falcon
Response paper: Read the Flitcraft parable (p. 62). 1. Summarize the parable; 2. Why does Spade tell Brigid this story? (what message is he conveying to her?); 3. How does this parable fit in the larger context of the novel? How does it apply to Spade's life code?

Passarola
Baltasar and Blimunda


Anonymous engraver from the 17th century, "Way to burn those who were condemned by the Inquisition". Autodafé and stakes of the Portuguese Inquisition, from a 17th century original engraving. Personal scan. This engraving shows the Praça do Comércio of Lisbon (at the time called the Palace Square) before the 1755 earthquake. The building in the image is the Ribeira Palace, later destroyed by the quake.


Saint Dominic Presides Over an Auto da Fe, Pedro Berruquete, Prado Museum

Wednesday, May 4-Wednesday, May 11: Baltasar and Blimunda

For Wednesday, May 4: Read through p. 47.

Monday, May 9: Read through p. 223.
Also for Monday, May 9: Final paper topic--to discuss in class

Wed., May 11: Finish Baltasar and Blimunda.

Link for Mel Brooks' Spanish Inquisition number from History of the World Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oppHeMlaLVM
Also for Monday, May 16: Annotated bibliography for final paper

For pictures and history of the convent at Mafra, click here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafra_National_Palace

Final exam: Monday, May 23, 1-3PM, 3153B
Dante, Bronte, Hammett, Saramago.
Part I: Identifications (2 points each)
Part II: Quotes (source, setting, relevance)
Part III: Paragraph answers

Monday, May 16 and Wednesday, May 18: presentations for final paper.

You must include your paper topic and your annotated bibliography---one primary source and at least three secondary sources. Have this available online so that you can project it to the class. E-mail the proposal and bibliography to me BEFORE class on Monday, May 16 (no matter which day you are presenting). If you do not present your topic, your grade for the final paper will be reduced by one letter grade.

Monday, May 16: Fil, Arianna, Rivkah, Cindy, Alana, Yuliya, David, Kate, Michael, Steven
Wed., May 18: Bernadette, Karolyn, Alma, Sherley, Inna, Jasimne, Roslyn, Dakotah, Natalie, Valentina.

Final paper (20% of final grade): Due Thursday., May 26: NO LATE PAPERS ACCEPTED.
If you e-mail your paper, it must be sent before midnight on May 26; if you leave it in my mailbox, it must be received by 3PM.

Final Paper Topics:
1. Discuss the significance of dreams in Wuthering Heights. What do they reveal about characters? Can you find this dream motif in other romances we read this semester. How do dreams particularly fit the genre of romance?
2. Discuss the natural images in Wuthering Heights or Baltasar and Blimunda. How can nature be considered as the mirror of man's soul? How does this depiction fit the romance genre?
3. The theme of the supernatural in either Wuthering Heights or Baltasar and Blimunda. In what way is this theme romantic?
4. How can Sam Spade be seen as a new type of romantic hero?
5. Analyze the romantic elements of Baltasar and Blimunda.
6. The motif of music in Tristan and Baltasar. How does music function in one of these two romances?
7. Windows and doors in Wuthering Heights.

HAVE A LOVELY SUMMER

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Final Paper: Due Thursday, Dec. 23
Choose one of the following topics and write a 5-page, well-organized, carefully-documented, typed paper.

3. Discuss the natural images in Sir Gawain, Wuthering Heights, or Neuromancer…How can nature be considered as the mirror of man’s soul? How does this depiction fit the romance genre?

4. The Wife of Bath as a feminist response to one of the Chretien romances.

6. Memory --- individual, collective, artificial----as a unifying theme in Neuromancer

7. Apply Hawthorne’s definition of “Romance,” in his Preface, to House of the Seven Gables.

8. How can Holgrave be seen as a new type of romantic hero?

Monday, Nov. 1 and Thursday, Nov. 4

Read Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Parts I and II, p. 49-81; Parts III and IV

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Study Guide

Be prepared to discuss these questions in class:

As you read, pay particular attention to descriptive and narrative details. What do they signify? What is the relationship between the scenery and Sir Gawain’s mental state?
1. What are the characteristics of Arthur’s court? His knights? His Queen?
2. How does Gawain distinguish himself in the opening scenes?
3. What is really being tested?
4. How does Sir Gawain do?
5. What are we supposed to think of the Green Knight? Bercilak’s wife? King Arthur? His court? Sir Gawain?
6. Consider the significance of what the poet does and does not choose to expand upon in narrating Gawain’s journey north.
7. The northern court as a mirror of the opening scene
8. The northern courtiers’ reconstruction of Gawain;s identity, their emphasis on his command of the courtly arts and of “love-talking”
9. The new game – “exchange of winnings contract
10. Who are the women in this romance? (how many are there?) To what extent do they play similar roles? How do they differ? What is the function of each? Are the women in SGGK similar to those portrayed by other authors we have read this term?

Form:
Alliterative revival
Metrical romance
Stanza form called “bob and wheel” – combines alliteration and rhyme
A verse paragraph of long alliterative lines is concluded by a 2-syllable line (bob) followed by a quatrain (wheel, a four-line, trimeter section with rhyming words at the end, the 2nd and 4th line rhyming with the bob)
Ryhme scheme – last 5 lines, ababa

Due Monday, Nov. 8

A one-page paper on one of the following topics:

1. Compare the bedroom temptations scenes and the hunting scenes.
2. The evolution of the symbolism of the green belt.
3. A comparison of the Green Kniight's arrival at King Arthur's court and Gawain's arrival at the castle