Styles of Silicate Architecture
How do silica tetrahedra bond with each other? The more oxygens that a silica tetrahedron shares, the lower its electrical charge, and so needs fewer cations to bond with in order to form an electrically neutral mineral. There are 5 common ways that silica tetrahedra can bond with each other, producing 5 distinct and common styles of silicate architecture: |
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Isolated
Tetrahedra
No linkage between tetrahedra, cations are required to balance the full -4 charge. |
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Single Chain Silicates Tetrahedra are linked linearly, sharing 2 of the 4 oxygens in each tetrahedron. All of the tetrahedra except the two at the ends share 2 oxygens. In a real mineral the chain would consist of a vast number of links (tetrahedra), therefore the two anomalous tetrahedra are lost. |
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Double-Chain Silicates Tetrahedra are linked in a two-stranded line. One half of the tetrahedra share 2 oxygens and the other half share 3. Thus each tetrahedron shares an average of 2.5 oxygens. |
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Sheet
Silicates
Tetrahedra are linked in a plane by sharing 3 oxygens with neighboring tetrahedra. |
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Framework
Silicates
Tetrahedra are linked in 3-dimensions. Each of the 4 oxygens are shared with neighbors. |
3D and TOO COMPLEX for me to draw! SiO20 |
© 2001 Wayne G. Powell