Styles of Silicate Architecture    

How do silica tetrahedra bond with each other?

The more oxygens that a silica tetrahedron shares, the lower its electrical charge, and so needs fewer cations to bond with in order to form an electrically neutral mineral.

There are 5 common ways that silica tetrahedra can bond with each other, producing 5 distinct and common styles of silicate architecture:

  Isolated Tetrahedra

No linkage between tetrahedra, cations are required to balance the full -4 charge.

 

  Single Chain Silicates

Tetrahedra are linked linearly, sharing 2 of the 4 oxygens in each tetrahedron. 

All of the tetrahedra except the two at the ends share 2 oxygens. In a real mineral the chain would consist of a vast number of links (tetrahedra), therefore the two anomalous tetrahedra are lost.

 

  Double-Chain Silicates

Tetrahedra are linked in a two-stranded line. One half of the tetrahedra share 2 oxygens and the other half share 3. Thus each tetrahedron shares an average of 2.5 oxygens.  

  Sheet Silicates

Tetrahedra are linked in a plane by sharing 3 oxygens with neighboring tetrahedra. 

  Framework Silicates

Tetrahedra are linked in 3-dimensions. Each of the 4 oxygens are shared with neighbors. 

 

3D and TOO COMPLEX for me to draw!

SiO20


© 2001 Wayne G. Powell