Lecture III: The Transformation of Dynastic States in Early Modern Europe

QUIZ

STUDY QUESTIONS

WHO AM I GAME

MAPS

VIRTUAL SESSION

SYLLABUS

GLOSSARY

LINKS

NOTES

INTRODUCTION TO PART I, THE ANCIEN REGIME

Ancien Regime is a French phrase for the Former Government or Power Structure. It refers to the time before the French Revolution, roughly from the mid 17th Century to the end of the 18th. It was a period marked by: 

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absolute monarchy in government

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power of the Aristocracy in society [Lecture IV]

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  increasing wealth through trade in the economy [Lecture IV]

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new ideas and values in western culture [Lecture V]

This first part of the course looks at the ways politics, society, the economy, and culture of medieval Europe were transformed in the Early Modern Period (15th to 18th centuries) to produce the Ancien Regime (this links to a power-point summary by Edward Hanlon, John Jay College).  This is the same period the videotape, The West and the Wider World, (Lecture II) presented as the time when the power of the West increased throughout the world to play a dominant role in shaping the modern age. The changes in government, the economy, society, and culture contributed to that major shift in world history. 

Reading:

TB: chap. 24

SB: Domat, 5-10
Locke, 30-33  

In all lecture notes, passages in red are tasks that will help you master the material. As you do these tasks, add them to your class notes.

Test your understanding of this material by doing some of the online exercises found in the upper left-hand menu at the top of the page.

Theme: The tradition of medieval monarchy, with its tensions among Crown, Nobility, and Church, was transformed during the Renaissance by the growth of more centralized royal power, creating powerful dynastic states. This development was enhanced by the prolonged crisis following the beginning of the Protestant Reformation after 1517. By the beginning of the 18th century most states, with the notable exception of England, followed the model of Royal Absolutism illustrated by the France of Louis XIV. [You should be able to define all terms in bold type.]

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

Medieval (Feudal) Kingdoms

bullet Holy Roman Empire and other Realms
bulletThe Nobility and Royal Power
bulletThe Church, the Papacy, and Royal Power

Renaissance Monarchies and the Increase in Royal Power

bulletInstitutions of Royal Power
bulletThe Bureaucracy & the King's officers
bulletThe Army
bulletThe King's Justice and the Courts
bulletFinances and the Issue of Taxation and Representation
bulletExamples
bulletFrancis I (Valois Dynasty) and France
bulletHenry VIII (Tudor Dynasty) and England

Religious Crisis: The Reformation [Another overview Reformation & Counter Reformation

bulletProtestant Reformation
bulletLuther: German States, Central Europe
bulletCalvin: Geneva, France, Holland, Scotland
bulletThe Reformation in England, A BBC history site with a wealth of information and short presentations by English historians.
bulletCranmer and Anglican Protestantism: England from Henry VIII to Elizabeth 
bulletReadings from the Reformers
bullet Catholic Reformation
bullet Council of Trent
bullet Loyola and the Society of Jesus
bulletMap of Europe's Religious Divisions

European Crisis & Wars of Religion: 1560-1650

bulletWars of Religion: France, 1562-1598
bulletValois dynasty and Bourbon dynasty
bullet Huguenots as Threat to Royal Power
bullet Henry of Navarre becomes Henry IV (Bourbon)
bulletEdict of Nantes, 1598
bulletWars of Religion: Hapsburg Power in Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Netherlands
bulletPhilip II, Spanish Crown and Militant Catholicism
bulletUnited Provinces of the Netherlands, 1581
bullet Thirty Years War, 1618-1648
bulletEngland's Reformation and Civil War
bulletPuritanism and the Stuart Dynasty
bulletCharles I,  Parliament, and Puritanism
bullet Civil War, 1642-1648
bullet Oliver Cromwell, the Army and the Commonwealth

France: Royal Absolutism as a Response to Crisis

bulletSovereignty and Disorder
bulletCardinal Richelieu, 1624-1642, strengthens the Crown
bullet Cardinal Marzarin crushes the Fronde, 1652
bulletLouis XIV, 1661-1715
bulletExplain how the DOMAT source in the SB illustrates Royal Absolutism
bulletFrench Royal Absolutism as a Continental Model
bullet Hohenzollern Dynasty: Prussia
bulletHapsburg Dynasty: Austria
bulletRomanov Dynasty: Russia

England: Constitutionalism and Limited Monarchy

bulletRestoration of the Stuart Dynasty, 1660
bulletCrown and Parliament from 1660-1688
bulletThe Glorious Revolution, 1688
bulletWilliam of Orange and Mary Stuart
bullet"The Crown in Parliament is Supreme"
bulletExplain how the Locke source in the SB illustrates English Constitutionalism

 

TASK: Pick a web primary source from the links below for at least two of the sections of this lecture. Check them out on the Internet and explain how the sources illustrate the lecture.

 

WEB SOURCES
FRANCE:
Path to Royal Absolutism, an exhibit by the Library of Congress and the Bibliotheque Nationale.
Rise and Fall of Absolute Monarchy, Library of Congress & Bibliotheque Nationale.
Destruction of Nobles' Castles [Hanover College]
St Bartholomew's Day Massacre [Hanover College]
Cardinal Richelieu's Political Testament[ Hanover College] (Information on Richelieu)
Revocation of the Edict of Nantes [Hanover College]
Bishop Bossuet on the Monarchy
Observations of Louis XIV [Hanover College]
Versailles, Baroque Architecture, painting of the chateau
Versailles, web site of the Chateau, provides a virtual tour
Architecture, Resources on Renaissance and Baroque styles, University of Virginia Library
Web Museum, Paris Explore this museum site for examples of 17th and 18th century art.

ENGLAND:
Magna Carta
Levellers' Statement, 1649
Excerpts from Hobbes Leviathan [Halsall, Internet Reader, Fordham]
The Glorious Revolution [University of Georgia Law School]
Declaration of Right, 1689[Hanover College]
Bill of Rights, 1689[Yale Law School Avalon Project]
John Locke[Hanover College]