History 4321/Children’s Studies 401

Cold War Education

September 26, 2005

I. Brown

1.      The Path to Brown (laying the foundation; challenging separate but equal)

2.     Reaction to Brown (origins of massive resistance; why did the civil rights movement turn to Congress?)

3.      The Kennedy Administration and Civil Rights (Justice Department; Ole Miss)

II. Rights-Related Liberalism under FDR

            1. Constitutional Revolution (Supreme Court response to the New Deal—Schecter v. U.S. (1935); U.S. v. Butler (1936); Morehead v. People of the State of New York (1936); the court-packing scheme; 1936 and limitations of FDR mandate; poor preparation and political coalition; proposal and opposition—significance of Wheeler defection; judicial fallout: West Coast Hotel v. Parrish (1937); role of Roberts; appointments power and transformation of Court—Black, Douglas, Frankfurter, Murphy; constitutional fallout—emergence of rights-related liberalism)

            2. World War II (Japanese-Americans—political concerns, military matters; Court’s response—from Hirabayashi to Koremastu—deference to military; censorship and role of military; from Gobitis to Barnette: when is a precedent not a precedent?)

III. Cold War and American Youth

            1. National Security and Civil Liberties (HUAC: role of politics, role of FBI, Hollywood Ten hearings; nature of threat—Nixon and Hiss, Klaus Fuchs; Truman response—Federal Employee Loyalty Program; loyalty oaths and purges; 1930s intellectuals and educational establishment)

            2. McCarranism (internal security as major threat—McCarran-Walter Act; Internal Security Act; creation of ISS, Eastland; IPR hearings; role of Supreme Court—Hollywood Ten, Smith Act, Rosenberg case)

            3. McCarthyism (McCarthy background; initial charges; failure of political response; 1950 elections; impact)

            4. Other Effects (family life—growth of social safety net; “nuclear family,” new conception of gender roles; higher education—GI Bill and democratizing higher education, science education and NDEA, Cold War competition and Title VI; public education—pledge of allegiance)

IV. The Road to Engel